Introduction-Lesson Planning
If you are studying B.Ed from IGNOU (Indira Gandhi National Open University), then you know the significance of the practical file, particularly the lesson plans. Lesson plans are not paperwork—these indicate your skill to plan, conduct, and assess an actual classroom session efficiently.
In this detailed guide, we’ll take you through professional lesson planning guidelines for your IGNOU B.Ed practical file, including:
- What is a lesson plan?
- IGNOU B.Ed lesson plan structure
- Tips based on subjects
- How to prepare each part
- Don’ts
- Samples and illustrations
- Final presentation guidelines
Let’s get started.
What is a Lesson Plan in B.Ed?
A lesson plan is a structured document that outlines the objective, materials, method, and evaluation of a specific topic you’ll teach during your practice teaching sessions. For IGNOU B.Ed, it is a mandatory part of the practical file and is assessed by external examiners.
A good lesson plan helps you:
- Stay focused on the objective
- Use appropriate teaching aids
- Apply suitable teaching strategies
- Track student understanding and engagement
IGNOU B.Ed Lesson Plan Format
The standard format as per IGNOU contains the following:
- General Information
- Teaching Points
- Teaching Aids
- Testing of Previous Knowledge
- Announcement of the Topic
- Presentation of the Lesson
- Explanation and Blackboard Work
- Recapitulation (Question/Answer Session)
- Homework
- Reflection of the Teacher
Understanding Each Section with Tips
Let’s see how to write each section of the lesson plan effectively.
1. General Information
This is about:
- Name of the student-teacher
- Roll number
- Subject
- Class
- Date
- Class duration
- Topic name
Tip: Get it accurate and correct in terms of formatting. Specify the class level (e.g., Class VI or Class IX) clearly to appropriately align the topic and method.
2. Teaching Points
Here, divide the topic into short sub-points or ideas.
Tip: Keep it within 4–5 major points. Use bullets for clarity and address the lesson in proper order of sequence.
3. Teaching Aids
This encompasses the devices you’ll be employing such as:
- Flashcards
- Charts
- Smartboard
- Maps
- Real objects
Tip: Also include traditional (chalk and board) and latest (audio-visual, PPT) aids to demonstrate diversity.
4. Previous Knowledge Testing (PK Testing)
Basic questions concerning the subject to test students’ existing knowledge.
Example:
Subject – Fractions
Questions:
- Do you have an idea what a half is?
- Can you cut a chocolate into 4 pieces of equal size?
Tip: Ask 3–5 easy, interesting questions. Make them open-ended when you can.
5. Topic Announcement
Announce clearly what the topic is.
Example:
“Today we will be learning about fractions – how we share objects into equal portions.”
Tip: Make it brief and effective. It must flow smoothly from the PK Testing stage.
6. Lesson Presentation
This is the main section wherein you describe the concepts.
Segment this in a tabular format:
Tip:
- Employ interactive teaching methods such as questioning, demonstration, or storytelling.
- Use short sentences which are interesting.
- Ensure student interaction throughout.
7. Explanation & Blackboard Work
Write down what you will explain on the blackboard.
Tip:
- Provide neat and clear handwriting.
- Utilize keywords and diagrams.
- Do not overcrowd.
8. Recapitulation
Ask brief questions according to what has been taught.
Example:
- What is a fraction?
- Can you provide one example from your household where you use a fraction?
Tip:
Ask between 3–5 questions. Alternate between oral and written forms.
9. Homework
Assign homework according to what is taught that day.
Example:
- Draw 3 objects and halve and quarter them.
- Write down any 3 examples of fractions in everyday life.
Tip: Homework should be relevant, interesting, and age-specific.
10. Teacher’s Reflection
This is your feedback about how well the class went.
Tip: Be honest but positive. Mention one thing that worked well and one area you’d improve next time.
Example:
“Students enjoyed the use of real-life objects. Next time, I’ll include a short video to make the introduction more engaging.”
Sample Topics for Lesson Plans (Subject-wise)
These are some of the practical subjects you may use for your IGNOU B.Ed practice file:
Mathematics:
- Fractions and Decimals
- Perimeter and Area
- Algebraic Expressions
- Geometric Shapes
English:
- Tenses
- Comprehension
- Active & Passive Voice
- Letter Writing
Social Science:
- Freedom Struggle of India
- Democracy and Constitution
- Earth and its Structure
Science:
- Photosynthesis
- Human Digestive System
- States of Matter
- Electricity and Circuits
Key Tips to Make Your Lesson Plan Effective
These are some effective strategies:
1. Use Child-Centric Approaches
Utilize constructivist methods such as group discussion, role play, or questioning.
2. Managing Time
Divide your 40-minute class into brief intervals. Schedule interaction every 10 minutes.
3. Visual Aids Are Strong
Employ flashcards, charts, or brief videos for enhanced engagement.
4. Use Simple Language
Avoid using jargon. Use an age-appropriate language.
5. Practice Teaching Delivery
Rehearse your lesson in front of the mirror or record yourself. It aids in developing tone of voice and body posture.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Lack of clear objectives
- Excess use of teaching aids section
- Lack of student involvement
- Excessive use of text rather than tables
- Missing reflection section
How Many Lesson Plans to Prepare for IGNOU B.Ed?
According to the new IGNOU B.Ed practical guidelines:
- You must prepare 10–15 lesson plans for each pedagogy subject.
- Typically, 2 pedagogy subjects = 20–30 plans in all.
- Provide a variety of various teaching methods and class levels.
Organizing the Practical File
- Use A4 sheets or lined sheets
- Cover page with:
- Name
- Enrollment number
- Subject
- Year
- Insert a contents/index page
- Maintain tidy handwritten work or printed if permitted
- Employ dividers for every subject
Final Checklist Before Submission
- [ ] Serial numbered index page
- [ ] Lesson plan sections included
- [ ] Written or typed neatly
- [ ] Reflection incorporated for every plan
- [ ] Bound and labeled file
Your IGNOU B.Ed lesson plan is not just an academic requirement—it’s your blueprint for real classroom teaching. A well-thought-out lesson plan reflects your pedagogical understanding, creativity, and confidence.
Follow this step-by-step guide, and you’ll be able to create a top-quality practical file that stands out.
FAQs: Lesson Planning for IGNOU B.Ed Practical File
Q1. How many lesson plans are needed in IGNOU B.Ed?
Typically, 10–15 per pedagogy subject. Two subjects = 20–30 total.
Q2. May I write lesson plans in Hindi?
Yes. If your medium is Hindi, all plans and explanations may be written in Hindi.
Q3. Do diagrams need to be included in the lesson plan?
Yes. Diagrams, charts, and visuals add clarity and impact.
Q4. May I use printed lesson plans?
Check with your study center. Some permit typed files, some prefer handwritten.